The governing document is the National Building Code of India 2016 (NBC 2016), Part 4: Fire and Life Safety, read together with the building-services parts. The principle is simple: a fire-rated wall, floor or shaft is only a barrier if every service passing through it is protected to the same rating. A duct is a hole in that barrier unless a fire damper closes it.
In practice, fire dampers land where ducts penetrate fire-rated walls, floors and shaft enclosures; where ducts serve or pass through hazard areas like kitchens, where grease-laden vapour burning inside a duct is a fire with a road map; and at smoke-zone boundaries where smoke containment is the design intent. Atria, high-rises and hospitals concentrate all three conditions.
What the inspector asks for: the damper's fire rating must suit the separation it protects, the actuation, fusible link or actuator, must respond and hold shut, and the installation must leave the damper accessible for inspection, testing and reset. A fire damper buried behind a sealed wall is a violation waiting for the first survey; duct access doors exist for exactly this reason.
Codes and local amendments move, and the fire consultant's specification plus the authority having jurisdiction decide the final schedule on every project. Treat this as the map, not the territory. What we build to is your drawing: wall type, rating, blade action and actuator, so the schedule on site matches the schedule on paper.